Biosensors in the Field of Dentistry

Biosensors are small, integrated, self-contained and self-analysing scientific devices that are used to identify and measure topics of interest. Biological detection components (e.g., enzymes, antibodies and nucleic acids) are closely related to transducers (e.g., optical, electrochemical, piezoelectric) that makes the concept of biodegradation more complex and quantitative. As a general rule, the strength of the output signal corresponds to a group of analysers. Finally, the results are created using applied gadgets and the programming framework that are involved. These provide an easier and advanced visualisation that can be handled even by a non expert. In simpler words biosensor can be termed as an ‘easy-to-use’ tool for diagnostic purposes, that are developed to help in the early diagnosis and treatment of disease. Early diagnosis is the key to successful treatment of many diseases. Biosensors utilise the unique properties of biological and physical materials to recognise a target molecule and effect transduction of an electronic signal. The key advantages of biosensors are fast responsiveness and high sensitivity. Also, the basic advantage for ‘Point of Care’ (POC) devices such as biosensors would include integration of nano materials, microfluidics, automatic samplers and transduction devices on a single chip. Biosensors are also being used as new analytical tools to study medicine related diagnostic aspects. This paper reviews the significance of biosensors for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic applications in the field of dentistry and its application during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic era. It provides a comprehensive account of progress in biosensors for dental applications.