Evaluating Herbicide Programs for Effective Weed Control in South Texas Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Production

Grichar, W. James and McGinty, Joshua A. (2024) Evaluating Herbicide Programs for Effective Weed Control in South Texas Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Production. In: Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3. BP International, pp. 34-54. ISBN 978-93-48006-30-1

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Abstract

Aims: To evaluate peanut tolerance and weed efficacy with various peanut herbicide programs.

Study Design: Randomized complete block.

Place and Duration of Study: Field studies were conducted during the 2018, 2021, and 2022 growing seasons in the south Texas peanut growing region.

Methodology: A weed-free study was conducted in 2018 to evaluate crop safety while in 2021 and 2022 weed efficacy trials were conducted. The weed-free study was taken to yield; however, the weed efficacy studies were not.

Results: No noticeable peanut injury with any herbicide program was noted in 2018; however, paraquat + imazethapyr applied at cracking produced the lowest yield. In the 2021 and 2022 studies, peanut stunting was noted with all herbicide systems which included paraquat. Amaranthus palmeri control was > 95% with pendimethalin + flumioxazin + S-metolachlor applied preemergence or any herbicide systems that included S-metolachlor + 2,4-DB applied postemergence. Pendimethalin alone provided 83% control of Urochloa texana while herbicide systems that contained multiple herbicides provided > 90% control. Similar results were seen with Cucumis melo. Ipomoea hederacea L. required the use of multiple herbicides to provide effective control. Pendimethalin alone or paraquat + pyroxasulfone provided <70% control while systems which included pendimetahlin + either S metolachlor, the premix of carfentrazone + pyroxasulfone, or imazapic provided 100% control.

Conclusion: These studies indicate that grower concerns about peanut injury are largely unfounded as only paraquat-containing herbicide systems consistently resulted in any stunting. The premix of carfentrazone + pyroxasulfone caused leaf burn; however, peanuts recover quickly with no yield reduction. Although the premix of carfentrazone + pyroxasulfone systems provided excellent control of U. texana, typically this combination does not effectively control large-seeded annual grasses. Other herbicide systems which included pendimethalin plus either S-metolachlor, flumioxazin + S-metolachlor, dimethenamid, or imazapic provided excellent weed control. These herbicide systems offer growers another option to help provide season-long weed control in the southwestern US peanut production areas.

Item Type: Book Section
Subjects: STM Library Press > Agricultural and Food Science
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@stmlibrarypress.com
Date Deposited: 09 Sep 2024 06:25
Last Modified: 09 Sep 2024 06:25
URI: http://journal.scienceopenlibraries.com/id/eprint/1979

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