Lipid Profile and Vitamin B 12 levels in Women Having Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study

Aim: To assess the lipid profile and vitamin B12 levels in women having gestational diabetes mellitus.

Study Design: Case Control study.

Place and Duration: Department of Biochemistry and Gynecology/Obstetrics LUMHS Hospital Jamshoro total 1 year duration from January 2018 to December 2018.

Methodology: A sample of 291 pregnant women was grouped as; 216 diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 75 non gestational diabetes mellitus were selected according to criteria. Sera were evaluated for glucose (hexokinase method), blood lipids and Vitamin B12 (ECLIA assay method) by Cobas chemistry analyzer. Triglyceride/high density lipoprotein (TAGs/HDLc) ratio was calculated as log of transformed TAGs to HDLc. TAGs/HDLc ratio was labelled as low risk (0.3 – 0.1), medium risk (0.1 – 0.24) and high risk (>0.24). Statistical SPSS software 21.0 (IBM, Inc USA) was used to analyze the research variables at 95% CI (P ≤ 0.05).

Results: Age of cases was 37.9±5.19 years (P=0.051). Fasting and random blood glucose levels were elevated significantly (P=0.0001). Vitamin B12 in cases was low noted as 155.6±71.3 ng/mL compared to 251.5±33.1 in control (P=0.0001). Any type of vitamin B12 deficiency was present in 153 (70.51%) GDM cases compared to 37 (49.4%) control (P=0.0001). Low, medium and high atherogenicity risk was found in 56.01%, 37.5% and 6.4% GDM cases and 50.5%, 36.6% and 0% in control respectively (P=0.0001).

Conclusion: It was found in the present study that triglyceride to HDLc ratio was found elevated in Gestational Diabetes mellitus women with vitamin B12 deficiency.