Quantitative Analysis of Tannerella Forsythia Level in Periodontitis Patients with or without Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Periodontitis is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease resulting from a complex polymicrobial infection causing tissue destruction as a consequence of perturbation of the homeostasis between sub gingival microflora. T.forsythia has been strongly implicated in the onset of periodontitis. The level of glycemic control is the key to determining increased risk. In adults, HbA1C levels >9% have a higher prevalence rate for periodontitis than those without diabetes. In adults, random blood sugar levels >200mg/dl have higher susceptibility to periodontitis.

Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in a university setting at Saveetha dental college. Total of 8 samples were collected from November 2020 to February 2021. The subgingival plaque samples containing bacterial cells were pelleted by centrifugation at room temperature. Following centrifugation with all buffer solutions, quantitative RT-PCR was performed with stratagene MX3000P and the relative gene count was calculated using relative CT method. The purified DNA molecules were identified by agarose gel electrophoresis and T. forsythia was identified using this method.

Results: The assessment of mRNA expression of T.forsythia assessed by RT-PCR showed that T.forsythia was seen with more prevalence in patients with periodontitis with diabetes mellitus (n=1.388), than in patients with periodontitis without diabetes mellitus (n=1) ( P=0.0028 < 0.005). The study was statistically significant.

Conclusion: This study shows that T.forsythia is seen with more prevalence in patients with periodontitis with diabetes mellitus when compared to periodontitis without diabetes mellitus.