Sensorineural hearing loss as a predictor of endothelial dysfunction in some non-communicable diseases in the working population (a review of interdisciplinary studies)

Interdisciplinary publications suggesting an etiopathogenetic relationship between sensorineural hearing loss and some chronic non-communicable diseases were reviewed. A substantial amount of data on atherogenesis, thrombosis and immunological processes affecting the blood circulation of inner ear receptor cells has so far been accumulated. Various reasons for sensorineural hearing loss have been studied, such as changes in the rheological properties of blood; arteriole hypertonicity; precapillar sphincter dysfunction; impaired lipid metabolism leading to the lack of tissue oxygenation and dystrophy and necrosis of the organ of Corti. The definition of endothelial dysfunction has been given. The role of vasomotor, thrombophilic, adhesive and angiogenic forms of endothelial dysfunction in the development and progression of sensorineural hearing loss under the influence of harmful work-related factors, with arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus with the most common and aggressive disorders of the microvasculature has been determined. A clear relationship between the development of sensorineural hearing loss in diabetic microangiopathy has been established. Historical data on the study of the mechanisms of sensorineural hearing loss were analyzed. The aim of this article was to conduct a literature review of interdisciplinary publications with a particular focus on the role of sensorineural hearing loss in the working population in predicting endothelial dysfunction in some chronic non-communicable diseases. The novelty of this article consists in the consideration of occupational and population risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in the form of their cascade, which also leads to sensorineural hearing loss.