Prevalence and Determinants of Psychiatric Morbidities in Nigerian Men with LUTS Due to Prostatic Diseases

Aims: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and significant factors associated with psychiatric morbidity in men with LUTS secondary to prostatic diseases in a tertiary health centre in a developing country.

Study design: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study.

Place and duration: The urology unit of Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti. Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study period was from 1stJanuary2018 to 31stDecember2019.

Methodology: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess for psychiatric morbidity among 224 patients with LUTS. While, International prostate symptom score (IPSS) was used to assess the severity of LUTS. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20.

Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 17% and 9.8% respectively. The mean IPSS and PSA scores of the respondents were 19.95±8.06 and 31.48±37.03 respectively. The only factors found to be significantly associated with depression were use of alcohol by the respondents (T-test = .058, P = .01, CI = -2.885 ˗˗ -0.391) and high scores on IPSS (T-test = .765, P value = .003, CI = 1.436 ˗˗ 6.995). While the factors found to be associated with anxiety disorders were alcohol use by the respondents (T-test =2.661, P = .033, CI = -2.519 ˗˗ -0.103) and high PSA scores (T-test =9.473, P value = .036, CI = -28.942 ˗˗ -1.068).

Conclusion: This study shows that there is a high rate of psychiatric morbidity among patients with LUTS. Main factors associated with these morbidities were alcohol use, severity of the LUTS and high PSA scores. Assessment of psychiatric morbidity in patients with LUTS using simple psychological instruments will help in early detection and prompt treatment of psychological morbidities.