Enhancing Agricultural Practices Through IoT-Based Smart Farming Technologies: A Case Study on Banana Crop Yield Optimization

Aims: Smart farming and precision agriculture have emerged as transformative paradigms in modern agricultural practices, leveraging technological innovations to enhance productivity, sustainability, and efficiency in food production. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the concepts and technologies related to smart farming. The work proposed implements a sensor assisted IoT based model to enhance the overall yield of banana crop, by monitoring the current conditions existing at the site and predicting the alterations to achieve optimal conditions for conducive and healthy growth, further early identification and prediction of infection causing pathogens to have also been embedded in the model. Model designed has been tested on the farm field of banana crop located in the premises of Amity University Lucknow Campus equipped with moisture and humidity sensors (DHT11), NPK soil nutrient sensor, PIR motion sensor (HC-SR501), pH Sensor (pH -450), rain drop sensor along with camera installed drone for infection identification. Data from sensors and drone camera were monitored at regular intervals for future predictions about health and productivity estimate of the crop.